El màs apto

º La discusión sobre quien es el más apto para hacerse responsable de un oficio o para hacer usufructo de algun bien.

º "On my return (October, 1836) to England, I found myself in possession
of a large collection of specimens in various branches of natural history"

º ...Toxodon,* A gigantic extinct mammiferous animal, referrible to the Order Pachydermata, but with affinities to the Rodentia, Edentata, and Herbivorous Cetacea... from the curved or arched form of the teeth,... The dimensions of the cranium of the Toxodon Platensis amply attest that the animal to which it belonged was of a magnitude attained by few terrestrial quadrupeds, and only to be compared, in this respect, with the larger Pachyderms, or the extinct Megatherium

This slope of the back part of the skull is one of the characteristics of the Dinotherium; it is common to all the Cetacea, and is met with in a slighter degree in many Rodentia, and in the great Ant-eater and some others of the Edentate order.

the diversities of the form of the cranium, as a gage of the intelligence of different animals*; and the indication of the limited capacity of the Toxodon, thus afforded, is strengthened by the very small proportion, which the bony walls of the cerebral cavity bear to the zygomatic and maxillary parts of the skull, and to the size of the vertebral column, as indicated by the condyloid processes, and foramen magnum.

º MACRAUCHENIA PATACHONICA: A large extinct Mammiferous Animal, referrible to the Order Pachydermata; but with affinities to the Ruminantia, and especially to the Camelidæ


Sexual Selection.—

"Inasmuch as peculiarities often appear under domestication in one sex and become hereditarily attached to that sex, the same fact probably occurs under nature, and if so, natural selection will be able to modify one sex in its functional relations to the other sex, or in relation to wholly different habits of life in the two sexes, as is sometimes the case with insects. And this leads me to say a few words on what I call Sexual Selection. This depends, not on a struggle for existence, but on a struggle between the males for possession of the females; the result is not death to the unsuccessful competitor, but few or no offspring. Sexual selection is, therefore, less rigorous than natural selection. Generally, the most vigorous males, those which are best fitted for their places in nature, will leave most progeny. But in many cases, victory will depend not on general vigour, but on having special weapons, confined to the male sex. A hornless stag or spurless cock would have a poor chance of leaving offspring. Sexual selection by always allowing the victor to breed might surely give indomitable courage, length to the spur, and strength to the wing to strike in the spurred leg, as well as the brutal cock-fighter, who knows well that he can improve his breed by careful selection of the best cocks. How low in the scale of nature this law of battle descends, I know not; male alligators have been described as fighting, bellowing, and whirling round, like Indians in a war-dance, for the possession of the females; male salmons have been seen fighting all day long; male stag-beetles often bear wounds from the huge mandibles of other males. The war is, perhaps, severest between the males of polygamous animals, and these seem oftenest provided with special weapons. The males of carnivorous animals are already well armed; though to them and to others, special means of defence may be given through means of sexual selection, as the mane to the lion, the shoulder-pad to the boar, and the hooked jaw to the male salmon; for the shield may be as important for victory, as the sword or spear.

Amongst birds, the contest is often of a more peaceful character. All those who have attended to the subject, believe that there is the severest rivalry between the males of many species to attract by singing the females. The rock-thrush of Guiana, birds of Paradise, and some others, congregate; and successive males display their gorgeous plumage and perform strange antics before the females, which standing by as spectators, at last choose the most attractive partner. Those who have closely attended to birds in confinement well know that they often take individual preferences and dislikes: thus Sir R. Heron has described how one pied peacock was eminently attractive to all his hen birds. It may appear childish to attribute any effect to such apparently weak means: I cannot here enter on the details necessary to support this view; but if man can in a short time give elegant carriage and beauty to his bantams, according to his standard of beauty, I can see no good reason to doubt that female birds, by selecting, during thousands of generations, the most melodious or beautiful males, according to their standard of beauty, might produce a marked effect. I strongly suspect that some well-known laws with respect to the plumage of male and female birds, in comparison with the plumage of the young, can be explained on the view of plumage having been chiefly modified by sexual selection, acting when the birds have come to the breeding age or during the breeding season; the modifications thus produced being inherited at corresponding ages or seasons, either by the males alone, or by the males and females; but I have not space here to enter on this subject.

Thus it is, as I believe, that when the males and females of any animal have the same general habits of life, but differ in structure, colour, or ornament, such differences have been mainly caused by sexual selection; that is, individual males have had, in successive generations, some slight advantage over other males, in their weapons, means of defence, or charms; and have transmitted these advantages to their male offspring. Yet, I would not wish to attribute all such sexual differences to this agency: for we see peculiarities arising and becoming attached to the male sex in our domestic animals (as the wattle in male carriers, horn-like protuberances in the cocks of certain fowls, &c.), which we cannot believe to be either useful to the males in battle, or attractive to the females. We see analogous cases under nature, for instance, the tuft of hair on the breast of the turkey-cock, which can hardly be either useful or ornamental to this bird;—indeed, had the tuft appeared under domestication, it would have been called a monstrosity."

http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?itemID=F373&viewtype=text&pageseq=1



PUDOR, Max Scheler

... la pérdida del sentido del pudor supone siempre una degradación del ser humano en la medida en que se desacraliza el cuerpo, la sexualidad y -en el fondo, y eso es lo grave- a la persona misma. El pudor no es originado por la educación (sí lo son en cambio las diversas manifestaciones de lo pudoroso): es un valor que acompaña al núcleo del ser humano, en la medida en que éste no acepta ser reducido a la generalidad, sino que desde el principio es consciente de su condición de ser alguien único.

De ese modo Scheler entiende que la vergüenza es uno de los medios más necesarios para descubrir qué es el amor, el ser personal o una vida sexual plena de significado humano. Su defensa de lo espiritual le lleva a un descubrimiento entusiasmado del valor del cuerpo y de la dimensión sexual. Llamará sin duda la atención del lector que Scheler aplique estos dos valores como vehículo de una eugenesia natural (los seres humanos pudorosos engendrarán hijos mejores, justamente porque saben guardar su capacidad reproductiva para las mejores personas), como si los valores morales estuvieran determinados genéticamente, en un pensamiento muy de acuerdo con las teorías de “raza” que en 1913 estaban de moda en Alemania.

... no resulta extraño que este autor haya sido de tanta utilidad para las reflexiones sobre el amor y la responsabilidad que realizara Karol Wojtyla.

http://www.bioeticaweb.com/content/view/944/822/





CARACTERÍSTICAS FÍSICAS Y TEMPERAMENTALES:

* "los hombres de rasgos muy masculinos, como el mentón cuadrado, una nariz más voluminosa y ojos pequeños, fueron calificados como dominantes, infieles, malos padres y con personalidad menos 'cálida', en comparación con los que tenían algún rasgo femenino".

* hombros anchos y abdomen curtido son señales de protección.

* los ojos pequeños son señales de cálculo, perseverancia y determinacion, como el de las salvajes fieras cuando quieren clavarle las garras y los dientes a una presa.

* la quijada cuadrada es una señal biológica de proporcionalidad o determinacion armonica

* el vello corporal es una señal de salvajismo

* el tamaño del p es proporcional a su poder reproductivo

* la seguridad del movimiento es una señal de dominio espacial

* la impostación de la voz de dominio sobre los otros

* tatuajes, aros y neologismos son demostraciones de coraje

* el macho debe ser afín, al menos, con alguno de los respetados machos del clan al que pertenece la hembra.

* un caracter inquebrantable pero conciente de algo superior, da signos de poseer a la base una estructura sólida, competitiva pero acogedora a la vez, sustentable para la construccion de un nido. 1 estilo de pensamiento, modismos y acciones morales consecuentes, pueden incluso exaltar la figura del macho a la de 1 héroe.

* el buen humor y la risa son demostraciones de sociabilidad.

* la serenidad es una señal de fortaleza y dominio de sí, de humildad ante Dios y paciencia ante la fortuna, la desgracia, el destino y el azar.

* el ingenio es una las características masculinas más apetecidas para la supervivencia porque permite poner todas las cualidades masculinas de manera estratégica en el mundo, sin que opongan sus fuerzas entre si.



ADAPTACIÓN AL MEDIO SOCIAL:
MANEJO TECNOLÓGICO Y VENTA DE LA INFORMACIÓN

* La progresiva equiparación entre el hombre y la mujer, cuyo punto de partida se encuentra muy bien descripto en las novelas de Jane Austen, hizo que la mujer comenzara a elegir. En alguna medida, el hombre cazador-recolector dio paso al hombre político-vendedor.”